GB/T 18655-2018 English Translated 英文版 翻译 Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines – Radio Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of On-Board Receivers

GB/T 18655-2018 English Translated Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines – Radio Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of On-Board Receivers

Standard No.: GB/T 18655-2018
English Name: Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines – Radio Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of On-Board Receivers
Chinese Name: 车辆、船和内燃机 无线电骚扰特性 用于保护车载接收机的限值和测量方法
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China & Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Issued on: 2018-07-13
Implemented on: 2019-2-1
Superseding: GB/T 18655-2010 Vehicles boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
Language: English
File Format: PDF
Delivery: Immediate delivery

CONTENTS

Foreword……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
1 Scope……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………..5
2 Normative references…………………………………………………………………………….……….…..5
3 Terms and definitions……………………………………………………………………….…….……….…..6
4 Requirements common to vehicle and component/module emissions measurements………………..8
4.1 General test requirements…………………………………………………………………….………...8
4.2 Shielded enclosure…………………………………………………………………………….……….10
4.3 Absorber-lined shielded enclosure (ALSE) ………………………………………………………….10
4.4 Measuring instrument…………………………………………………………………….…………….10
4.5 Power supply…………………………………………………………………………….….…………..13
5 Measurement of emissions received by an antenna on the same vehicle……………….……………14
5.1 Antenna measuring system…………………………………………………………………...….……14
5.2 Method of measurement…………………………………………………………………………….…15
5.3 Test setup for vehicle in charging mode……………………………………………………………...17
5.4 Examples of limits for vehicle radiated disturbances………………………………………….……23
6 Measurement of components and modules…………………………………………………….…………25
6.1 General……………………………………………………………………………………..……………26
6.2 Test equipment……………………………………………………………………………...…………..26
6.3 Conducted emissions from components/modules – Voltage method…………………..…………27
6.4 Conducted emissions from components/modules – Current probe method………………..……33
6.5 Radiated emissions from components/modules – ALSE method…………………………………36
6.6 Radiated emissions from components/modules – TEM cell method………………………..……45
6.7 Radiated emissions from components/modules – Stripline method………………………………45
Annex A (informative) Flow chart for checking the applicability of this Standard…………………...………46
Annex B (normative) Antenna matching unit – Vehicle test…………………………………………..………47
Annex C (informative) Sheath-current suppressor……………………………………………………………49
Annex D (informative) Guidance for the determination of the noise floor of active vehicle antennas in the AM and FM range…………………………………………………………………………….…………….……..50
Annex E (normative) Artificial networks (AN), artificial mains networks (AMN) and asymmetric artificial networks (AAN) …………………………………………………………………………….……………………..52
Annex F (informative) Radiated emissions from components/modules – TEM cell method…..……….…59
Annex G (informative) Radiated emissions from components/modules – Stripline method……...…….…66
Annex H (informative) Interference to mobile radio communication in the presence of impulsive noise – Methods of judging degradation…………………………………………………………………………….……71
Annex I (normative) Test methods for shielded power supply systems for high voltages in electric and hybrid vehicles…………………………………………………………………………….………………...……..73
Annex J (informative) ALSE performance validation (150 kHz to 1 GHz) …………………………………104
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………………………………122

1 SCOPE

This Standard contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 2500 MHz. The standard applies to any electronic/electrical component intended for use in vehicles, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection for receivers installed in a vehicle from disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle. The method and limits for a complete vehicle (whether connected to the power mains for charging purposes or not) are in Clause 5 and the methods and limits for components/modules are in Clause 6. Only a complete vehicle test can be used to determine the component compatibility with respect to a vehicle’s limit.
The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television), land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation System (Beidou, GPS etc.), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. For the purpose of this standard, a vehicle is a machine, which is self-propelled by an internal combustion engine, electric means, or both. Vehicles include (but are not limited to) passenger cars, trucks, agricultural tractors and snowmobiles. Annex A provides guidance in determining whether this standard is applicable to particular equipment.
This Standard does not include protection of electronic control systems from radio frequency (RF) emissions or from transient or pulse-type voltage fluctuations. These subjects are included in the publications of other standardization committees.
The limits in this standard are recommended and subject to modification as agreed between the vehicle manufacturer and the component supplier. This standard is also intended to be applied by manufacturers and suppliers of components and equipment which are to be added and connected to the vehicle harness or to an on-board power connector after delivery of the vehicle.
Since the mounting location, vehicle body construction and harness design can affect the coupling of radio disturbances to the on-board radio, Clause 6 of this standard defines multiple limit levels. The level class to be used (as a function of frequency band) is agreed upon between the vehicle manufacturer and the component supplier.
This standard defines test methods for use by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, to assist in the design of vehicles and components and ensure controlled levels of on-board radio frequency emissions.
Vehicle test limits are provided for guidance and are based on a typical radio receiver using the antenna provided as part of the vehicle, or a test antenna if a unique antenna is not specified. The frequency bands that are defined are not applicable to all regions or countries of the world. For economic reasons, the vehicle manufacturer is free to identify what frequency bands are applicable to the radio services likely to be used in the vehicle.
As an example, many vehicle models will probably not have a television receiver installed; yet the television bands occupy a significant portion of the radio spectrum. Testing and mitigating noise sources in such vehicles is not economically justified.
The World Administrative Radio communications Conference (WARC) lower frequency limit in region 1 was reduced to 148.5 kHz in 1979. For vehicular purposes, tests at 150 kHz are considered adequate.
Annex E defines artificial networks used for the measurement of conducted disturbances and for tests on vehicles in charging mode.
Annex H defines a qualitative method of judging the degradation of radio communication in the presence of impulsive noise.
Annex I defines test methods for shielded power supply systems for high voltage networks in electric and hybrid vehicles.
Annex J defines methods for the validation of the ALSE and the reference ground plane used for component testing.

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the editions cited apply. For undated references, the latest editions of the normative document (including any amendments) apply.
GB/T 4365-2003 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetic Compatibility (TEC 60050-161:1990+A1: 1997+A2: 1998, IDT)
GB/T 6113.104-2016 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus and Methods - Part 1-4: Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus - Ancillary Equipment - Radiated Disturbances (CISPR 16-1-4:2012, IDT)
GB/T 6113.203-2016 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring Apparatus and Methods - Part 2-3: Methods of Measurement of Disturbances and Immunity - Radiated Disturbance Measurements (CISPR 16-2-3:2010, IDT)
GB/T 29259-2012 Road vehicle - Electromagnetic compatibility terminology
ISO 7637-3:2016, Road vehicles – Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling – Part 3: Electrical transient transmission by capacitive and inductive coupling via lines other than supply lines
ISO 11452-4:2011, Road vehicles – Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 4: Harness excitation methods
CISPR 16-1-1:2015, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring apparatus
CISPR 16-1-2:2014, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-2-1:2014, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted disturbance measurements
SAE ARP 958.1 Rev D: 2003-02 Electromagnetic Interference Measurement Antennas; Standard Calibration Method

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